Antimicrobial physicochemical and pharmacokinetic characteristics
Drug Log P Protein Binding (%) Metabolism / Elimination Dose Adjustment on ECMO
         
Amikacin -7.9 <10 Renal -
Ampicillin 0.9 10–18 Renal *
Ampicillin/ sulbactam 0.9/-0.92 10–18/38 Renal *
Azithromycin 3 to 4 7–51 Hepatic -
Aztreonam 0.04 56 Renal -
Cefazolin -0.58 74–86 Renal ++
Cefepime -0.1 20 Renal -
Cefiderocol 1 10–60 Renal -
Cefotetan

-0.65 to

-0.38

 88 Renal ++
Cefoxitin 0.22 to 0.29 65–79 Renal ++
Ceftaroline -0.8 to 2.3 20 Renal *
Ceftazidime -1.2 <10 Renal -
Ceftazidime/ avibactam -1.2/-1.8 < 10/8 Renal -
Ceftobiprole -2.4 16 Renal -
Ceftolozane/ tazobactam -3.2/-2.0 16–21/30 Renal -
Ceftriaxone -0.01 85–95 Hepatic *
Cefuroxime

-0.9 to

-0.24

 33–50 Renal -
Ciprofloxacin -0.57 20–40

Hepatic/

Renal

 -
Clindamycin 1.76 94 Hepatic *
Daptomycin -5.1 90 Renal -
Doxycycline -0.72 >90 Gastrointestinal tract -
Eravacycline 0.24 70–90 Hepatic -
Ertapenem 0.3 85–95 Renal ^
Gentamicin -4.1 < 30 Renal -
Imipenem/ cilastatin

-0.19/

-0.29

20/

40

 Renal +++

Imipenem/ cilastatin/

relebactam

-0.19/

-0.29/

-2

20/

40/

22

 Renal -
Levofloxacin -0.4 24–38

Hepatic/

Renal

 -
Linezolid 0.7 < 35 Renal -
Meropenem -0.69 2 Renal -
Meropenem/ vaborbactam

-0.69/

1.02

2/

33

 Renal -
Metronidazole -0.02 < 20 Hepatic -
Minocycline -0.33 55–96 Hepatic -
Moxifloxacin 2 30–50

Hepatic/

Renal

 -
Oxacillin 1.7 94 Hepatic *
Penicillin G 1.92 Not reported Renal *
Piperacillin/ tazobactam -0.5/-2.0 26–33/30 Renal -
Plazomicin

-2.2 to

-6.1

 20 Renal -
Polymyxin B 0.4 92 Renal -
Polymyxin E (colistin) -3.3 50–74 Renal -
Telavancin -2.1 90 Renal *
Tigecycline 1.1 71–89 Hepatic -
Tobramycin -6.2 < 30 Renal -
Trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole 0.91/0.89 44/70 Renal -
Vancomycin -2.6 50 Renal -
- Minimal sequestration; no need for dose adjustment
++ Moderate sequestration; may require dose adjustment
+++ Significant sequestration; need for dose adjustment
*Dose at higher end of the normal dosing range due to potential for sequestration based on drug characteristics alone; monitor for clinical efficacy and toxicity
^ Dose at the higher end of the normal dosing range due to potential for sequestration based on drug characteristics alone—consider use of alternative carbapenem; monitor for clinical efficacy and toxicity